September 1, 1964: Masanori Murakami Becomes MLB's 1st Asian Player

September 1, 1964, 60 years ago: Masanori Murakami makes his major league debut. This makes him the 1st Asian-trained player in Major League Baseball.

Harry Kingman was born in Tianjin, China, the son of missionaries, but grew up outside Los Angeles, and played 4 games with the 1914 New York Yankees. He remains the only MLB player born on the Chinese mainland, although there have been 16 born in Taiwan and 1 in Hong Kong (Austin Brice, who grew up in North Carolina).

Bobby Balcena, with 2 games with the 1956 Cincinnati Redlegs, was also from the Los Angeles area, and of Philippine descent. This made him MLB's 1st player of Asian descent. But Murakami was the 1st born, raised, and trained to play the game in Asia -- and, for a long time, the only one.

He was born on May 6, 1944, in Ōtsuki, in Yamanashi Prefecture, on Honshu, the main island of Japan, about 50 miles west of the capital city of Tokyo. In 1962, he was signed out of high school by the Nankai Hawks (now the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks) of Japan's Pacific League.

In 1964, the Hawks sent him, and 2 other young players, as "exchange students" to the Fresno Giants, a farm team of the San Francisco Giants. Murakami was only supposed to stay until June, but the Hawks forgot to send the paperwork to call him back, and he ended up going 11-7 with a 1.78 ERA for Fresno.

On September 1, 1964, he was called up to San Francisco, and made his groundbreaking major league debut against the New York Mets, at Shea Stadium in New York. Wearing Number 10, he began the bottom of the 8th inning, and struck Charley Smith out, allowed a single to Chris Cannizzaro, struck Ed Kranepool out, and got Roy McMillan to ground to short. In the top of the 9th, Hal Lanier singled, Willie Mays walked, and Orlando Cepeda singled Lanier home. But that would be the only run the Giants scored, as the Mets beat them, 4-1. Ron Hunt had hit a home run off Giants starter Bob Hendley.

Showing his screwball to Mets manager Casey Stengel,

before the game that marked his debut

He pitched in 9 games for the Giants down the stretch, all in relief, including the last 3 innings against the Houston Colt .45s (they became the Astros the next season) on September 29, for his 1st major league win. He didn't allow a run until his last appearance, allowing 3 of them, for a 1.80 ERA. In 15 innings, he struck out 15 batters, and only walked 1.

It had been only 20 years since the end of World War II, in which Japan was an enemy of America. But that seemed to be enough time for Giant fans to accept "Mashi," as he was never booed at Candlestick Park. San Francisco ranks 4th among large American cities with 1.5 percent of its population being of Japanese descent, slightly behind Sacramento and Seattle, slightly ahead of San Jose, a little ahead of Los Angeles, all of which are far behind, understandably, Honolulu. American-born Japanese in San Francisco embraced him, while American fans treated him like any other player.

Finally, the Hawks came calling, and demanded that Murakami be returned to Japan. The Giants were so high on him that they refused. An international incident was avoided when an agreement was reached: He would pitch 1 more season for the Giants, and then return to the Hawks for 1966, similar to a loan deal in professional soccer.

Like many later Asian pitchers, he had an unusual delivery. How unusual was it? As far as I know, he is the only lefthanded pitcher in MLB history who threw sidearm. His best pitch was a screwball, and he was also said to have a good curveball and a good changeup, but his fastball topped out in the mid-80s.

He carried a Japanese/English dictionary with him, but still struggled with the language. In 1973, Brendan C. Boyd and Fred C. Harris, in their book The Great American Baseball Card Flipping, Trading and Bubble Gum Book, jokingly called him, "with the possible exception of Yogi Berra, the only major league ballplayer who did not speak English." (They forgot about several Mexican- and Caribbean-born players who spoke only Spanish.)

In 1965, now wearing Number 37, Mashi appeared in 45 games, only 1 of them a start, going 74 1/3rd innings, with a record of 4-1 and a 3.75 ERA. His control was still excellent: 85 strikeouts and only 22 walks. His WHIP was 1.063. The Giants finished 2 games behind their arch-rivals, the Los Angeles Dodgers, for the Pennant. He was 21 years old, and seemed to have a great future ahead of him.

But a deal was a deal, and that future would not be in America. He returned to the Hawks, and struggled at first. In 1968, pitching half his games as a starter and half as a reliever, he went 18-4. He was nearly a full-time starter in 1970 and '71, but was put back in the bullpen for 1972. In 1973, he had a bad season, but the Hawks won the Pacific League Pennant, his 1st title.

The Hawks released him after the 1974 season, and he was signed by the Hanshin Tigers of Nishinomiya. After a difficult season with them, he was signed by the Nippon Ham Fighters, of Sapporo on the northernmost "home island," Hokkaido. He was much improved for them, but, again, only won a Pennant in what was a bad year, statistically, for him, in 1981. He retired after the 1982 season, with a record of 103-82, plus 30 saves, in the Japanese leagues.

In 1983, he returned to the Giants, as a batting practice pitcher. In 1984, he went back to Japan, as a broadcaster. In 1987, he became a pitching coach, first for the Hawks (by this point, named the Fukuoka Daiei Hawks), then the Seibu Lions in Saitama. Again, he worked for the Giants as a scout, and is now a broadcaster for Japan's largest TV network, NHK, and writes a column for the Daily Sports newspaper.

The Giants have invited him back for the 2002, 2010, 2012 and 2014 World Series. On May 15, 2014, the 50th Anniversary of his arrival in San Francisco, the team honored him on Japanese Heritage Night, and gave him the chance to throw out the ceremonial first ball.

But after he returned to Japan in 1965, it would take until 1994 for another player born and trained in baseball in Asia to play in the American major leagues. It was Korean pitcher Chan Ho Park, with the Los Angeles Dodgers. In 1995, with Park's success established, the Dodgers signed Japanese pitcher Hideo Nomo, and he took baseball by storm -- not quite literally, but the spins on both his windup and his fastball earned him the nickname "The Tornado."

It would take until 2001 before MLB got its 1st 2 non-pitchers from Japan: Ichiro Suzuki of the Seattle Mariners, and Tsuyoshi Shinjo of the New York Mets. Ichiro becomes eligible for the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2025. He, Nomo, Hideki Matsui of the New York Yankees, Yu Darvish of the San Diego Padres (having previously pitched for 3 other teams), and Shohei Ohtani of the Los Angeles Angels and the Dodgers have been the most successful Japanese players in America.

As of September 1, 2024, there have been 81 MLB players born in Japan, 28 from Korea (all from the South, none from the North), 17 from Taiwan, 2 from the Philippines, 2 from Guam, 2 born in Saudi Arabia, 1 born in mainland China, 1 born in Hong Kong, 1 born in Afghanistan, 1 from American Samoa, 1 born in Indonesia, 1 born in Singapore, and 1 born in Vietnam.

In some of these cases, including 8 of the players born in Japan, they were born there to 2 American parents, but raised and trained to play baseball in America; in others, to 1 American and 1 native, but raised and trained to play baseball in America. Still, 69 of the Japanese-born major leaguers were ethnically fully Japanese, and learned to play baseball in their home country.

It all started with a sidearming lefty screwballer named Masanori Murakami.

Top 10 Baseball Players from Japan

The Yankees have signed Masahiro Tanaka, outbidding the Los Angeles Dodgers and the Chicago Cubs for his services. The cost: $155 million over 7 years (2014 through 2020, with an opt-out clause after 2017), plus the $20 million fee his agent, Casey Close, demanded just for the right to negotiate with him.

There's already a rumor going around that the greatest Japanese Yankee, Hideki Matsui, talked him into it. If so, and Tanaka turns out to be everything we've heard he is, that deepens Matsui's status as a Yankee Legend.

A 6-foot-2, 205-pound, 25-year-old righthanded pitcher from Itami, Hyogo Prefecture (what we call a State, they call a Prefecture), Japan -- 14 miles northeast of Kobe, and about 300 miles west of Tokyo -- he had pitched for the Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles, of the Japanese city of Sendai, since 2007. Overall, his won-lost record is 99-35.

He went 24-0 with a 1.27 ERA in 2013, helping Rakuten win the Pacific League pennant and the Japan Series. They won the Japan Series by beating Japan's foremost sports team, the Tokyo-based Yomiuri Giants. (Like our 2 major leagues, their 2 have a dispute over the designated hitter: The Pacific League uses the DH, the Central League does not.)

To be fair, the standard of play in Japanese baseball is roughly equivalent to North America's Class AAA (Triple-A) ball. Still, 24-0 is 24-0. And your control isn't affected by how good the opposing hitters are: In 2013, Tanaka's WHIP was a miniscule 0.943; in his career, a nifty 1.108.

You don't hear the word "nifty" very often these days. It's a good word.

The Yankees were also impressed by what Yankees.com called his "businesslike demeanor." Translation: He'll be a lot more like Derek Jeter and Hideki Matsui than he will like Robinson Cano and Melky Cabrera.

He wore Number 18 with the Golden Eagles -- currently worn on the Yankees by his countryman Hiroki Kuroda. He has not currently been assigned a uniform number. The following numbers lower than 60 -- not counting the officially or unofficially retired -- are currently unassigned: 14, 17, 19, 24, 33, 34, 39, 40, 45, 48, 55 and 57. Might he get 55, Matsui's number? It's not like it's being considered for retirement, as it was given to both Russell Martin (who was good in it) and Lyle Overbay (who was occasionally passable in it). (UPDATE: He got 19.)

Presuming Tanaka doesn't flame out, or get hurt, in spring training -- and nobody else does, either -- and no further transactions are made involving pitchers, he will give the 2014 Yankees a starting rotation of (though not necessarily in this order) CC Sabathia, Tanaka, Kuroda, Ivan Nova and David Phelps, unless Michael Pineda really is back from the injury that's caused him to miss the last 2 seasons, in which case Phelps becomes the long man out of the bullpen.

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Japan has loved baseball from the first time it arrived there, except for the World War II years, when it was held up as an example of Western decadence. After the war, when General Douglas MacArthur was military governor, he had baseball restarted there, and the rest is history.

Trying to determine who are the...

Top 10 Baseball Players From Japan

...is a difficult exercise, because, until 1995, with one exception, they didn't play over here, so we have no idea of how they would have played against major league competition.

However, 59 players born in Japan have played in the North American major leagues, and, surely, we can get a Top 10 from that.

There is a Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame, located at the Tokyo Dome, home of the Yomiuri Giants. It currently has 97 inductees -- including Sadaharu Oh, whose 868 home runs for the Giants is the most of any player in any country's "major leagues" -- and 2 North Americans, Lefty O'Doul (who should be in our Hall of Fame, but isn't) and Horace Wilson, a Maine-born professor who is said to have introduced baseball to Japan in 1872.

The JBHOF, as yet, includes only one of the following, who have made their mark in North America, one of whom will hopefully be displaced by Tanaka in the coming years:

Honorable Mention to Masanori Murakami, the 1st Japanese player in the North American major leagues. He made 9 appearances for the San Francisco Giants in 1964, and 45 more in 1965, all but 1 of them as a relief pitcher. He went 5-1 with 8 saves and a 3.75 ERA (a 106 ERA+). But contractual obligations required him to go back to Japan, where he continued pitching until 1982. He became a pitching coach and a scout, and now broadcasts MLB games for Japanese TV network NHK.

Honorable Mention to Dave Roberts, born the son of a Japanese woman and a black U.S. soldier on Okinawa. He and Johnny Damon, the son of a Thai woman and a white U.S. soldier who met in Thailand (but was born at Fort Riley, Kansas, though he did live for a time on Okinawa) were both key figures in the Red Sox' 2004* run. I say Roberts gets an "Honorable Mention" because, as far as I know, he did not take the dishonorable route of performance-enhancing drugs.

10. Masato Yoshii. The 1st Japanese player for the Mets, the pitcher went 18-16 for them in 1998 and '99, helping them reach the Playoffs in the latter year. Then they traded him to the Colorado Rockies for one of the Bobby Joneses, and he was never the same pitcher, going 6-15 for them in 2000, and pitching poorly for the Montreal Expos in 2001 and '02, and that was it.

Shortly thereafter, the Mets got another Japanese player, Kazuo Matsui. When he arrived in Flushing in 2004, Met fans boasted that they had the best Matsui in New York. Yeah, right: The biggest thing he did for the Mets was force them to move Jose Reyes from shortstop to 2nd base, and experiment that ended the next season when they were switched. But he did hit a decent .267 for a career included stops with the Rockies and Houston Astros, and ended in 2010.

9. Hideki Irabu. Save your jokes, and have some respect for the dead. For a while, the guy could pitch. He arrived in New York in 1997, and went 24-16 for the Yankees in 1998 and '99, helping them win the World Series both times. He was sent to the Montreal Expos, and pitched for them in 2000 and '01, before finishing up with the Texas Rangers in 2002. Injuries doomed him to a career record of just 34-35.

Irabu gave me 2 fond memories in July 1999, when, within a span of 3 weeks, I saw him pitch the Yankees to victories over the Mets at Shea Stadium and the Red Sox at Fenway Park (the latter being that rare feat of a complete game with Joe Torre as manager).

8. Shigetoshi Hasegawa. He arrived in 1997 with the team then known as the Anaheim Angels, and, no doubt with Ichiro in mind, signed with the Seattle Mariners in 2002, and remained with them until 2005. He was a middle reliever, but still managed to save 16 games in his All-Star season of 2003. His career ERA+ was 125.

7. So Taguchi. A very versatile player, he could play all outfield positions and 2nd base. Arriving with the St. Louis Cardinals in 2002, he had 3 seasons batting at least .288, and appeared in the postseason 4 times, including winning World Series rings with the Cardinals in 2006 and the Philadelphia Phillies in 2008. He finished his career with the Chicago Cubs in 2009, batting .279 lifetime.

6. Daisuke Matsuzaka. Not even Nomo was this hyped upon his arrival in North America as this pitcher was. When "Dice-K" came to the Red Sox in 2007, the rumor was that he had a "gyroball" that was "unhittable." Not quite, but he did go 15-12, and won a game each in the AL Championship Series and the World Series. In 2008, he went 18-3 as the Sox came within a game of another Pennant.

But that was it: He's been very hittable ever since, crashing out with the infamous 2012 Sox (apparently, Bobby Valentine can only manage Japanese players in Japan), and clowning through 7 games for the Mets last year (wearing Dwight Gooden's Number 16, which may be a desecration if you're a Met fan). He is currently without a club. And he's only 33.

5. Hiroki Kuroda. He arrived with the Dodgers in 2008, and pitched for them until 2012, then coming to the Yankees. His career record stands at just 68-70, but his ERA+ is a strong 118, his WHIP a nifty 1.179. (Yeah, I like saying "nifty.") He's appeared in the postseason with the Dodgers in 2008 and '09 and the Yankees in '12.

4. Yu Darvish. In just 2 seasons pitching for the Rangers, he is already 29-18. He finished 3rd in the American League's Rookie of the Year voting in 2012 and 2nd in its Cy Young Award voting in 2013. Last year, he led the AL in strikeouts, and in both most strikeouts and fewest hits per 9 innings. He's only 27, so he should have several more good years left.

3. Hideo Nomo. When "the Tornado" debuted for the Dodgers in 1995, he became the 1st Japanese player in our major leagues in 30 years, and the excitement he brought to Southern California was reminiscent of Mexican pitching legend Fernando Valenzuela in 1981, Fernandomania presaging Nomomania. He was the National League's Rookie of the Year and its starting pitcher in the All-Star Game.

In 1996, he won 16 games (a career high he would reach 3 times) and pitched a no-hitter -- the only one ever thrown at homer-happy Coors Field in Denver. But injuries interfered, and he bounced around, including finishing the 1998 season with the Mets.

In 2001, pitching for the Red Sox, he threw another gem -- the only one ever thrown at homer-happy Camden Yards in Baltimore -- becoming only the 4th pitcher to toss no-hitters in both leagues. (There are now 5.) He's also one of the few pitchers to have led both leagues in strikeouts.

But the injury bug struck again, and after missing the entire 2006 and '07 seasons, he struggled through 3 games with the Kansas City Royals in 2008, and retired with a career record of 123-109, striking out 1,908 batters. He is the only one of these 10 players already in the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame -- presumably, they waited 5 years like ours does, as he was just elected.

2. Hideki Matsui. The left fielder known (stereotypically) as Godzilla starred for the Yankees for 7 seasons. In his first home game at Yankee Stadium (the old one), the 2003 home opener, he hit a grand slam. In his last home game at Yankee Stadium (the new one), Game 6 of the 2009 World Series, he hit a single, a double and a home run, for 6 RBIs (tying a Series single-game record), clinching the World Championship for his team and the Series MVP award for himself. He played 1 season each for the Los Angeles Angels, the Oakland Athletics and the Tampa Bay Rays, before hanging up his spikes in 2012.

Between Yomiuri and The Bronx, he hit over 500 home runs. His major league batting average was .282, his OPS+ 118, and while he didn't hit 50 home runs in any season (as many predicted he would, with a swing that was tailor-made for Yankee Stadium, topping out at 31 in 2004), he helped the Yankees reach the postseason in 6 of his 7 seasons with them.

1. Ichiro Suzuki. I said Matsui was "the greatest Japanese Yankee," but he's not the greatest Japanese player to have played for the Yankees. Ichiro will, however, be best known for his 12 seasons with the Seattle Mariners, starting in 2001, when he became the 2nd player (after Fred Lynn of the 1975 Red Sox) to be named Rookie of the Year and MVP in the same season (even though he was no rookie, except by MLB's strict definition of being a player in his 1st season in MLB).

He has made 10 All-Star Teams. He has won 10 Gold Gloves, with a right-field arm that compares favorably with those of Hall-of-Famers Roberto Clemente and Dave Winfield. He has 2,742 hits -- in the North American major leagues alone. Counting what he did in Japan, he has over 4,000 hits.

He's led the American League in hits 7 times, including 2004 when he got 262, breaking the record of 257 set by George Sisler 84 years earlier. He's topped .300 10 times, .350 4 times, and topped out at .372 in 2004, the 2nd of his 2 batting titles. His lifetime average is .319 -- 4th-highest among active players with at least 3,000 plate appearances. He's stolen 472 bases.

When he arrived, I didn't like the hype over him, and thought, "He can't be that good." I even called him "Fluky Suzuki." Boy, was I wrong: He has stood the test of time. And now, he's a Yankee.

If any Japanese player is going to reach our Hall of Fame, based on what he did here, it's going to be Ichiro.